Subconjunctival Haemorrhage
What is it?
A subconjunctival haemorrhage is a small, harmless bleed under the conjunctiva, the clear surface of your eye. It appears as a bright red or blood-red patch on the white of your eye. Despite its alarming appearance, it is usually painless and doesn't affect vision. You might notice it in the mirror or have it pointed out by someone else.
Signs & Symptoms
A noticeable blood-red patch on the eye's white surface
No pain, though the area might feel slightly tender
No discharge from the eye
Vision remains unaffected
Why does it Happen?
Subconjunctival haemorrhages can occur for various reasons, often without a clear cause. However, they can be associated with:
Violent coughing, sneezing, or vomiting: These actions can cause a sudden increase in pressure, leading to a small blood vessel breaking.
Straining: Activities like heavy lifting or intense physical exertion may contribute.
Eye rubbing or trauma: Rubbing your eyes too hard or sustaining a minor injury to the eye.
General health issues: Conditions such as diabetes, high blood pressure, or the use of blood-thinning medications like aspirin can increase the risk.
Blood clotting disorders or vitamin K deficiency: Though rare, these can also be factors.
Treatment
There is no need for medication or drops to treat a subconjunctival haemorrhage, as the blood will naturally be absorbed over 2-3 weeks. If the haemorrhage is due to trauma, it’s essential to rule out any other injuries. If you're on blood-thinning medication, continue taking it but consult your GP if you have concerns.
For comfort, you can apply a cool compress and use eye drops, but avoid rubbing your eye to prevent further irritation.
Key Points to Remember
The eye appears red, but there is no pain.
The haemorrhage is often first noticed by someone else.
The condition will resolve on its own without the need for treatment.