Meibomian Gland Dysfunction
Meibomian Gland Dysfunction (MGD) is a common eye condition where the meibomian glands, located in the eyelids, become blocked or don’t produce enough oil. These glands secrete oils into the tear film that prevent tears from evaporating too quickly. When the glands don’t function properly, it can lead to dry, irritated eyes and blurry vision.
Signs & Symptoms of MGD
Dry, gritty, or burning eyes
Watery eyes (as a response to dryness)
Blurred vision, especially after prolonged visual tasks
Red or swollen eyelids
A feeling of something in the eye
Sensitivity to light
Many people with MGD experience fluctuating symptoms that worsen with prolonged screen time, exposure to air conditioning, or windy environments.
Causes of MGD
Several factors can contribute to the development of MGD:
Aging: Gland function decreases with age.
Screen Time: Blinking less frequently while looking at screens can worsen symptoms.
Contact Lens Use: Long-term contact lens wear can affect the meibomian glands.
Skin Conditions: Conditions like rosacea and seborrheic dermatitis can contribute to MGD.
Hormonal Changes: Especially during menopause, hormone fluctuations can impact tear production.
Diagnosis
Your optometrist or ophthalmologist can diagnose MGD during a comprehensive eye exam. They may use special techniques to examine your meibomian glands, evaluate the quality of your tear film, and check for signs of inflammation or blockage in the glands.
Treatment for MGD
1. Warm Compresses
Applying a warm compress to your eyelids is one of the most effective ways to manage MGD. Using a heated wheat bag or warm compress mask (e.g., OptiSoothe™ Mask or Bruder™ Mask) helps to melt the oil in the glands and allow it to flow freely. For best results, apply the compress for 10-15 minutes once or twice daily, followed by gentle eyelid massage.
2. Eyelid Hygiene
Regular eyelid cleaning is essential to remove debris and bacteria that can contribute to MGD. Use a clean cotton pad or a commercial eyelid cleanser to gently scrub your eyelid margins.
3. Omega-3 Supplements
Taking omega-3 fatty acid supplements may help improve the quality of the oils produced by your meibomian glands and reduce inflammation.
4. Prescription Medications
In some cases, your optometrist or ophthalmologist may prescribe anti-inflammatory eye drops or ointments to reduce inflammation and improve gland function. Antibiotics may also be prescribed if there is a bacterial component or to improve the oil quality.
5. Lubricating Eye Drops
For those with Meibomian Gland Dysfunction, lubricating eye drops that contain a lipid component can be particularly effective in stabilizing the tear film and reducing evaporative dry eye symptoms. Products like Systane™ Complete, NovaTears™, and Rohto™ Dry Aid provide long-lasting moisture and help replenish the lipid layer of the tear film, which is compromised in MGD. These drops mimic the oils normally secreted by the meibomian glands, enhancing tear quality and providing relief from dryness and irritation.
6. OptiMel™ Treatment
OptiMel™ Manuka+ Eye Gel or Drops can also be a beneficial option. This uses the natural antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties of medical-grade Manuka honey to soothe inflamed eyelids and improve the overall health of the meibomian glands. OptiMel can reduce bacterial overgrowth on the eyelid margin, support healing, and improve the flow of oils from the glands, leading to better tear film stability and symptom relief.
5. In-Office Treatments
For more moderate to severe cases of MGD, your eye care professional may recommend in-office procedures like lid margin debridement, therapeutic meibomian gland expression, LipiFlow® or Intense Pulsed Light Therapy.
Self-Care Tips for Managing MGD
Take Breaks from Screens: Follow the 20-20-20 rule—every 20 minutes, look at something 20 feet away for at least 20 seconds.
Stay Hydrated: Drink plenty of water to stay hydrated, which can help support healthy tear production.
Blink Regularly: Make a conscious effort to blink fully, especially when using digital devices.
Avoid Eye Irritants: Minimize exposure to smoke, air conditioning, and wind, which can exacerbate dry eye symptoms.
Have a good dietary intake of Omega-3.
When to See Your eyecare professional
If you are experiencing persistent dry eye symptoms, discomfort, or blurry vision, it’s important to consult your optometrist or ophthalmologist. Early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent long-term damage to your eyes and improve your comfort.
Remember: Meibomian Gland Dysfunction is a chronic condition, but you can reduce symptoms and protect your eye health with proper management.