Blepharitis
Anterior blepharitis is a common eye condition that causes inflammation of the eyelid margins, particularly around the base of the eyelashes. It often results from a bacterial infection or an overgrowth of skin bacteria, sometimes combined with scalp dandruff.
Signs & Symptoms
Red, swollen eyelids
Crusty or flaky skin at the base of the eyelashes
Itchy or burning eyes
A gritty feeling in the eyes, as if something is in them
Sensitivity to light (photophobia)
Why Does It Happen?
Anterior blepharitis can develop for various reasons, including bacterial infection, skin conditions like dandruff or rosacea, and even allergies. It’s not usually caused by poor hygiene but can be more challenging to manage without proper care.
Treatment
Lid Hygiene: The cornerstone of treatment involves regular eyelid cleaning with warm compresses and gentle scrubbing of the eyelid margins to remove debris and bacteria.
Medicated Ointments or Drops: In some cases, your optometrist may prescribe antibiotic or anti-inflammatory ointments to reduce the infection and inflammation.
Managing Skin Conditions: If a skin condition like dandruff is contributing, treating that underlying issue can help control the blepharitis.
Association with Dry Eye and Meibomian Gland Dysfunction
Blepharitis is often associated with dry eye and meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD). The inflammation of the eyelid margins can disrupt the normal production of oils by the meibomian glands, which are crucial for maintaining a healthy tear film. This disruption can lead to evaporative dry eye, where tears evaporate too quickly, causing irritation and discomfort. Managing blepharitis effectively can help alleviate dry eye symptoms and improve overall eye comfort.
Demodex Blepharitis
In some cases, anterior blepharitis may be caused by an infestation of Demodex mites, tiny parasites that live in the hair follicles and sebaceous glands of the skin. Demodex blepharitis is characterized by more persistent and severe symptoms, often with cylindrical dandruff at the base of the eyelashes. Treatment may include specific lid hygiene practices and medications targeting the mites to reduce their population and alleviate symptoms.
Key Points to Remember
Anterior blepharitis is a chronic condition that can flare up from time to time.
Consistent eyelid hygiene is essential for managing symptoms.
While it can be uncomfortable, anterior blepharitis is not usually sight-threatening.